Scraper



De- 15,` 1942-v s'. F. ARMINGTON Erm. 2,304,786

SCRAPER Filed Nov'. 13. 1959,-

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BY W MW A TQRNEIY` Dec. 15, 1942. s. F. ARMINGTN ETAL, 2,304,736

scRAPER, Filed'Nov. 15, 1939 5-SheetsSheet-2 1 -INVENTORS STEWART F.ARMINGTON RAYMOND Q. A RMINGTON GEORGE E.. ARMINGTON BY" @f7/n A AORNEYJ` L .A N O T G m M R A F QAM 9 9 l R3. El n Rw C SN d e l .l F

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@ea l5, 1942. s. F. ARMINGTON ETAL SCRAPER Filed Nov, 15, 1959.- 5Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTORS STEWART F. ARMINGTON RAYMOND Q. ARMINGTONGEORGE E. ARMINGTON fM w BY A TORNEYS@ FIG-I7 Patented Dec. 15, 1942BCBAPER Stewart F. Armington, Willoughby, Raymond Q. Armington, ShakerHeights, and George E. Armington, South Euclid, Ohio, assignors to TheEuclid Road Machinery Company, Euclid,

Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application November 13, 1939, Serial No.304,078

7 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in dirt moving machinery,particularly of that type wherein a bowl open at its iront end issupported on a wheeled frame and wherein means is provided for electinga load of material out of the open front end of the bowl.

Among the objects of the present invention is to provide a dirt carryingbowl or bucket of the type described in a strong, rigid frame so thatthe entire device is sturdy and able to handle heavy loads.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a bowl of verystrong character reinforced in a novel manner and pivotally suspendedfrom the main frame in an ingenious manner.

-bottom oi' the bowl.

Another purpose of our invention is to provide a novel construction ofthe ejector gate and in particular an arrangement whereby a portion ofthe dirt electing means underlies and carries the dirt or other materialout of the bowl as distinguished from the usual operation of pushing thedirt out. l

Another object of the present invention is to provide novelhydraulically operated means for operating the bowl andthe gates so asto provide a very strong construction and one in which the center of thebowl is left entirely clear for overhead loading if deslrd.

Other novel features will appear as the description proceeds and theessential features thereof will be summarized in the claims.

In the drawings. Figs. l and 7 are partial top plan views of a scraperembodying our invention, it being unnecessaryto show the entire deviceas it is symmetrical aboutthe center line; Figs. 2 and 3 are top planand end elevational views respectively of the cutting blade for thebowl; Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along the line l-Iof Fig. l; Fig. 5 is a fragmentai elevational view takenrfrom theposition 5 5 of Fig. l showing the frame partsfonly; Fig. 6 is a partialsectional view taken along the line B-Gnf Fig. 4 with the movingoperating parts removed; Fig. 8 is a fragmental top plan view takenalong the line 2 8 of Fig. 4

with the moving operating parts removed: Fig. 9

is a front elevational view of the movable front gate takenapproximately on the line 9-9 of Fig. 4; Fig. 10 is a side elevation ofthe scraper; Figs. il. 12, 13 and 14 are views taken along similarlynumbered lines of Fig. 10; Fig. 15 is Aan enlarged .fragmental sectionalview taken on the line Iii-Il y'type scraper adapted to be pulled behindanother .vehicle which supports the forward end of the 1scraper frame.The main frame comprises a forward transverse member 2l which is hereshown as hexagonal in section and may serve as a reservoir for thehydraulic fluid used to operate the jacks shown. This cross frame memberis rigidly connected at its ends to parallel side frame members 2| whichextend rearwardly and downwardly, being tied together at the rear of thebowl by a rear cross frame member 22 which is substantially rectangularin cross section. Gusset plates 20a reinforce the connection oi' member2l with the side members 2i, and gusset plates 22a reinforce theconnection of the member 22 with the members 2|. a. pair of wheels 23 tothe rear of which is a rear bumper 24 connected between the side framemembers in a manner later described. At its front end the frame isprovided with a draw bar generally indicated at 25 and comprising a pairof channels 26, the rear ends ofgwhich are rigidly secured to the crossframe member 29 and the forward ends of which converge to meet and aresecured as by welding to a sleeve 21 which is adapted to support thevertical pin of a swivel or universal joint connection in a mannersimilar to the construction shown in our copending ap pucauon serial No.290,392 med August/ie, 1939. 2B indicates a plate generally triangularin shape welded to the bottom flanges of the channels 2G and at its rearend passing beneath and folded up alongside of the transverse framemember .2l

and welded thereto. In Fig. 10 at 29 we have The rear end of the frameis carried on 2 Y accuse v frame as thus far described win indiens 'thatit is very strong, being composed of large hollow beams al-l'rigidlyconnected together and defining between the side frame members 2| andtheY front and rear cross frame members 2l and 22 an opening in whichthe digging'bowl or bucket may be suspended. This is a great advantageover those frames of the type which are hinged or buckled in the middleor at one end and provides a scraper adapted for very heavy duty.

The digging bowl or bucket comprises parallel side Vplate members $2extending forward at 32a beyond the point necessary to support the loadof material in the bowl for the purpose of providing a strongconstruction and a novel means for pivotally connecting the bowl to themain frame. The bowl side plates' are -rigidly connected together at anumber of points. It will be noted that the bowl isopen atboth thefrontand rear and (referring particularly to Fig. 4) four hollowbeamrcross members are shown which rigidly connect the side platemembers V22. At the front end of theV bowl the tie member 33 forms afixed gate or apron portion adapted to coact with a movable gate portionwhich telescopes therewith whenthe front of the bowl is open. This tiemember Il comprises a front plate 3l and a rear curved plate ll whichconverge together and are secured at their bot- Vtom edges. A'top plate8l completes the beam which may be reinforced by an internal web VS'I ifdesired. A second tie member Il is shown at the upper rear portion ofthe bucket. 'Ihis member is quadrilateral in form as shown in Fig. 4

and is rigidly connected at its ends to the side plates .32. A third tiemember l! tubular and cylindrical in form is provided at the lower rearportion of the bowl and rigidly connected at its ends tothe side plates22. A fourth cross tie member 4I is provided at the lower frontportion Dreversible and adapted to be secured either by a row of bolts Ila asshown or by turning the Y of the bowl .and 'comprises an upturnedchannel memberwhich has the edges of its flanges welded to the bottomplate 4I 'of the bowl lust to the rear of the front digging edgethereof. The channel 4| and the plate Il are both welded to the sideplates 32 of the bucket. Thus the bucket is tied together in a verystrong manner by these four transversely extending members.

Theside walls of the bucket are reinforced in a novel manner and thereinforcing members are associated in a novel'manner with the means forsupporting and manipulating' the bowl'. A long channel member I2 extendssubstantially parallel to the ground from front to rear of each sideplate 32 on the outside thereof and is welded throughout its length tothe side plate. A sec-'-v and converging at a common point at the frontend of the bowl.

A third channel member M extends substantially vertically along the rearedge ofeach side plate I2 and is welded' thereto and welded also to therear ends of the channeh 42 and l2. In the mid portion of the bucket.plates 45 extending normally to plates 32 are welded thereto and to thechannels I2 and and provide another tie member between the channels anda reinforcing member for the bucket side plates. To the bucket sideplates and the channels 42 Aare secured suitable bosses 4t for theattachment of the hydraulic jacks which raise and lower the bowl. Theside walls also carry bosses 41 by means of which the movable front gateis botto The bowl side plates 32 extend upwardlyrat 32h" to a heightbeyond that necessaryv tosupport the normal load of material in thebowl. The purpose of these portions 22h is to aidin providing a.mounting means for thev ejector gate and vits hydraulic actuatingmechanism. Referring to Figs. 4 and 8, a plate member 4I is provided,

-inside or and parallel to each plate portion 32o and permanently ilxedin that position. The

means for so fixing the plate 4I Vcomprises a channel l! at the frontend extending clear across the bucket and in a sense forming anothercrosstie member for the bucket in addiplate member Il.

thereof and approximately midway. between the top and bottom thereof.Bosses I8 on plates IlV and 22h are provided for the pivotal support ofthe arms of the ejector gate. Bosses N are provided on plates 4I and 22hfor connecting the hydraulic jack Il which operates the elector gate.

The bottom or the bowl is of unusuaiconstrucf tion. It will be notedlthat the forward edge of a5 the bottom plate 4I is bent downwardly at5I and provided .withV a row of holes to accommodate the bolts whichfasten a hardened steel cutting blade 51 in cutting position. Referringto Figs. 2 and 3 it will be seen that this cutting blade is its cuttingqualities. Just back of this cutting edge the transverse member llstiifens and sup A ports the cutting edge. Extending rearwardly from themember y4U are a series of parallel steel bars n secured to the member uand to the bottom plate 4| and at their rear endsl welded to the crossmember 39. A strengthening and tie member Il extends acrossthe entirebottom and is recessed intothe bars vIl as best seen in Fig. 4. It willbe noted that the bottom platey Il terminates just tothe reax. of thecrossmember Il leaving the spaces between the bars Il open between therear edge of plate Il andthe cross Y member I. Thus dirt cannotaccumulate at i f this point but falls out betweenV the bars. 0o tweenthe member Il and the plate portion Il' are a plurality of triangularinserts 0l welded f in position which serve to protect the boltsll A.'whichsecure the cutting blade Il to the bottom plate poition Il. Theribbed construction of the tetes th sliding of the bottom of the bowlover the groimd during the cutting action. as the scraper bowl is filledwith loose material.

Where the cutting blade Il joins the `side walls y 32 means is providedto resist wear and to assist the cutting action as the bowl digs intothe ground to fill itself. Referring to Figs. l0, 14 and l5, at each endof the cutting blade l1 is provided a casting l2 of a material-adaptedto 'Il resist abrasion. This casting has a flange porere described isvery strong and facilition 88 adapted to be secured to the bottom-plateportion 58 while the main vertical portion of the casting is secured tothe bowl side plate 82 as for instance by the rivets 84. Referring toFigs. 14 and 15, the flange portion 83 is beveled at 68a to give acutting edge and the main casting portion 82 is beveled as at 82a togive a side cutting edge. The casting 82 obviously may be renewed whennecessary. If desired, the side plates 82 may be further reinforced'byriveting a plate 88 along the forward lower edge of each plate 82 whereit engages the ground during a digging action.

. together and reinforced by a plurality of substantially triangularplates 81 spaced along the length of the gate and extending normally tothe plates 66a, b and c and welded rigidly thereto. At each end of theejector gate and'close to the side walls 82 is provided an arm 88 bywhich the ejector gate is operated. Each arm comprises a pair ofparallelside plates 88 spaced approximately four inches apart and extending tothe plate 88o to which they are welded. The parallel v plates 68 aretied together with a plate 18 on one side thereof and by means of aplate 1I on the other side thereof. The plates. and 1i extend downwardlyonto the plates 88a and 88h respectively to which they are welded togive a strong construction. Suitable openings are provided through theejector arms at 12 and 18 through either one of which may pass the pin14 which pivotally connects the piston rod 88a of the hydraulic iacl:5i. A pin 15 passing through bosses 88 pivotally connects each ejectorarm to the bowl. vIt will be noted that the openings 12 and 18 arelocated at different distances from the pivot pin 'I5 so that thehydraulic jack 88 may be connected to the ejector arm with differentleverages depending upon the digging conditions. For-instance with theconnection made at the point 12, if the material being dug is heavy thiswill ve greater power and less rapidity of action, whe eas if thedigging is lighter the connection is made at 18 whichprovides less powerand greater rapidity of action. Referring to Fig. 17 it will be notedthat points 18 and 14 are equidistant from the point where jack 88 ispivotally mounted on the bowl, when the ejector gate is in itsforwardmost position. Thus proper ejection takes place whicheverleverage is used. Referring to Figs. l and 8 it will be noted that thepoint 84 where the jack 88 is connected to the bowl, and the point 14where the piston rod of the jack is connected to the ejector arm, andthe point 15 where the ejector arm is pivotally connected to the bowl,are alined so that no twisting forces are involved when the ejector gateis operated. It will be noted also that this operating mechanism for theejector gate lies wholly at each side of the bowl so as to leave it openand unobstructed at the top. j

An improvement is provided irrthe ejector gat whereby loose material inthe bowl may be ejected with a minimum oi.' friction. To this end aflapper gate 18 is hingedly connected at 11 to the the member 18 is nota mere scraper flap but is a plate of considerable extent so as tounderlie a large part of the material within the bowl. Referring to Fig.4 there is shown at 18 a line extending from the forward lip of the bowlout of which material is discharged when the front gate is open and thisline 18 extends at substantially to the horizontal which is arepresentative line indicating the angle of repose of material dug byscrapers of this type and which is difficult to unload. It will beevident here that the plate 16 underlies substantially half of thematerial which will be left in the bowl below the line 18 when theejector gate starts forward to unload this residue' material. The actiontherefore is that of carrying the material resting on plate 18 whilepushing ahead of it the material lying in front of it. This gives .avery easy unloading action. It will be noted that point 11 movesrelatively abruptly forward and up because'it moves about an arc whosecenter 15 lies within the confines of the bowl. The forward edge 16aconstantly engages the bottom of the .bowl to clean all dirt away. Asthe point 11 moves upward the dirt on plate 18 is lifted and rolled outthe open front of the bowl and when the gate reaches its forwardmostposition as shown in Fig. 1'7, the combined dapper and ejector gatebreaks forwardlyl at the hinge point 11 as shown which causes the lastincrement of. material to break away and to fall to the ground along thesubstantially vertical plate 18.

'I'he movable front gate comprises a curved `plate 18 extending theentire width of the bowl at the bottom thereof but cut away at the topside edges as shown in Fig. 9 so as to provide clearance for the parts.Plate 18 is secured to side arms 88 which lie just inside of the bowlside plates 82. The arms 88 are pivotally connected to the bowl sideplates by means of pins 8l which enter the bosses 41 previouslydescribed. A jack for operating the gate is attached to each arm 88 by apin 82. If desired a reinforcing plate 88 may bewelded to each armextending between the points 8| and 82 so as totransmit power withoutwarping the gate. Two jacks 84 are pro.- vided one at each side of thebowl for operating the front gate.V The cylinder of each jack ispivotally supported at a pin 88 which -is held in the bracket structurecomprising a pair of parallel side plates one of which 88 is welded tothe plates 84 land 88 of the fixed apron and the other oi' which 81 iswelded to the channel 43. It will be noted that the jacks 84. and thegate arms 88 are lo- -cated at the sides of the bowl so as to maintain.the space above the bowl entirely unobstructed.

The bowl is supported for pivotal movement i relative to the main frameby two pins 88, each bottom of .the ejector gate. It will be noted thatpin passing through an opening 88 in the bowl side plate 82 and in thechannel member 42. Each pin 88 is supported in a bracket 88 best seen inFigs. 1, 5 and 10. Inner and outer side plates 8| and 82 respectivelyare secured to the hexagonal frame member 28 and are tied together byfront and rear plates 88 and 84 respectively. Suitable stiffening platesand bosses are provided as shown. f

The means provided for oscillating the bowl about the pins 88 comprisesa pair of jacks 85. Each jack has a cylinder supported at its upper 4endpivotally on pins 88 which are carried by plates 81 which in turn arerigidly secured to the side plates 8l of the main frame member 2l. Thepiston rod 88av of each jack extends downwardly through an opening v88in the bottom 'known manner. l

ch'an'nel member u and is pivotally connected at its lower end by meansof pin Il directly to the bowl side plate 32 and the channel member 42.Thus the lifting torce of the hydraulic jacks Il is located directly inline with the bowl side walls and is connected with the truss-likereinforcement of the bowl side walls previously described. The wheels 23at the rear of the frame are in a protected position between the sideframe members 2|, the cross frame `member 22 and therear bumper 24.These wheels are supported in a novel manner. A steel casting axlebracket III is supported in each side frame member 2| and extendsinwardly'toreceive a stub axle |I| which carries the wheel. The meansfor supporting the casting |08 comprises an cuter plate Il2 welded tothe outer plate 3| of the side frame member 2| and extending forward toa point beyond the cross frame member 22. An inner plate I which' iswelded to the inner plate Il of the side trarne member extends upwardlyto the cross frame 'member 22 and is welded thereto. 'I'hese two plates|02 and I rigidly support the bracket i" and hence the wheel 23. Betweenthe plates |02 and |03 are secured cross members Ill which serve tosupport the wheel braking mechanism. y The bumper 24 at the rear. of theframe comprises a member Il! generally channel shape in form and havingits top and bottom flanges extending forwardly. A plate Illa extendingnormally to the anges of the member |05 is welded between them near therear edge thereof to strengthen the bumper. At its center the bumpercarries a spring supported projection lll adapted to take the blow froma bulldozer or other pushing vehicle. At each end the bumper has a pivotconnection with the side frame members 2| by means of pins |01. Eitherpin may be removed and the bumper swung about the other pin as a hinge.to gain access to the rear of the frame as for instance to remove orwork on the wheels 2l.

Suitable mechanism is provided for workingl the hydraulic Jacks l5. 84and 9| but the same is not shown here as it forms the subject matter ofa separate application. Buillce it to say that to operate the scraperhere shown it is only necessary to provide pressure fluid to work the.pistons of the jacks backward and forward in a The bowl and itsconnected mechanism are shown in carrying position in Figs. 4 and 10 andin `digging position in Fig. 18 and in dumping position in, Fig. i7. Itwill be understood by those skilled in this art that when the .load hasbeen carried to the desired point the lacks M are operated to move thepoints l2 in 'a clockwise direction as shown in the various views aboutthe point 8| so as to telescope the front gate member 19 alongside thenxed gate or apron member 35 as shown in Fig. 17. Thereafter the jacks5l are operated to move the point 'Il in clockwise direction about thepoint il so as to move the ejector arms and to carry the ejector gate 66to the position shown in Fig. l? where the loose material has beenpushed by the elector gate and partly carried by the ilapper gate 16forwardly with the point I1 moving forward and upward so that the dappergate 'It gradually increases its angle of inclination relative to thebottom plate Il until the flapper gate :dually reaches the position ofFig. 17 where it hangs substantially perpendicular and in front of thecutting blade or digging edge of the bowl i1.

40 ing said gate, and a pivotal mounting for said jack including aportion of one of said bowl side ascuas being noted that the front gateportion 1l `is moved to such a steep angle that no material canv be heldthere.

The next operation is to ,reverse the action of the Jacks Il, returningthe ejector gate to its rear position as shown in Fig. 16. 'I'he jacksli are then operated to force the vpiston rods llaV downward, thusmoving the points 09 and indeed the entire bowl in a clockwise directionabout the pivot pins I8. 'I'he cutting edges ofthe bowl are thus forcedinto the dirt with the bottom of the bowl substantially horizontal. asshown in Fig. 16 and with the forward pull` as applied through the mainframe exerted through plates 32 and through the channel members l! and4I in a very direct manner tothe bowl. When the bowl is sutllcientlyloaded the Jacks il are operated in a direction to move the front gate1I in a counterciockwise direction to close the front oi' the bowl andthe Jacks 05 are operated to lift the bowl so thatthe parts againyreturn to the carrying position of Figs. 4 and 10.

It will thus be seen that we have provided a scraper of exceptionalstrength and simplicityV mounted on said bowl for closing said opening;

said gate being arranged to swing alongside said front wall portiontelescopically, a Jack for movwalls and a bracket mounted on said wallportion. 2. In a scraper oi' the class described, a bowl having sidewalls and a bottom, an ejector gate in said bowl having a pivotalmounting permitting its oscillation from rear to front of said \bowl todischarge material at the front thereof,

means for pivotally mounting said gate including an upwardly extendingportion of one of said side walls and a member adjacent and spacedfromsaid side wall portion. a jack connected with said gate for movingit, and said Jack having a pivotal mounting between said side wallportion and said member.

3. In a scraper of the class'described, a bowl having side walls and abottom, an ejector gate in said bowl having a pivotal mountingpermitting its oscillation from rear to front of said` bowl to dischargematerial at the front thereof, means for oscillating said gate includinga Jack having a pivotal mounting on said bowl, and two selectivelyusable pivotal connecting means for connecting said Jack to said gate,said connecting means being spaced different distances from said ga'lbpivotal mounting and said connecting means being spaced substantiallyequidistant from said jack pivotal mounting when said gate is at thefront limit of its travel.

4. In a scraper of the class described. a scraper bowl having side wallsand a bottom, said bowl being open at its forward end, an ejector gateextending between said side walls and to a point near said bottom at therear of said bowl, means for moving said gate forwardly and upwardly toThus all material in the bowl is discharged. it eject material from saidbowl, and a nap hinged to the bottom of said ejector gate and extendingforwardly when the said gate is at the rear of said bowl, and therelation between said ejector gate, flap, and bottom being such thatwith said ejector gate in its forwardmost position, said flap hangssubstantially vertical. l

5. The combination of claim 4 whereinsaid parts are so arranged thatsaid flap hangs in front of the forward edge of said bottom when saidejector gate is in its forwardmost position. 6. In a scraper of theclass described, a frame, a bowl having sides and a bottom and beingopen at the front end, said bottom having a cutting edge at its frontend, a plurality of parallel ribs extending from said cutting edge tothe rear end of said bottom and secured to the lower face of saidbottom, a beam extending from side to side of said bowl at the rear endof said ribs and there Joining them together, reinforcing membersextending forwardly along each side of said bowl from said beam to apoint forward of the cutting edge, and said side wail reinforcingmembers being pivotaily mounted on said frame at their forward ends.

7. In a scraper of the class described, a rigid lframe, wheeled meanssupporting Said trame, a bowl having side walls and a bottom, saidbottom having a cutting edge at its front end, reinforcing members forthe side walls', two for each side wall of said bowl and secured to theassociated side wall, the reinforcing members for each side wall beingspaced apart vertically at the rear end of the bowl and converging to acommon zone at the forward end of the bowl, and said reinforcing membersbeing pivotally mounted at their forward ends on said frame.

S'IEWART F. ARMING'JON.A RAYMOND Q. ARMINGTON. GEORGE E. ARMINGTON.

